Risk of cardiovascular complications in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus: focus on dyslipidemia and giperlipidemia

Arabidze G.G. Mamedov M.N., Akhundova Kh.R.

ABSTRACT

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (type 1 DM) is a polygenic multifactorial disease based on immune-mediated or idiopathic destruction of pancreatic β-cells leading to absolute insulin deficiency. In 2021, there were approximately 8.4 million people with type 1 DM worldwide. By 2040, the total number of cases is estimated to increase to 13.5-17.4 million. In Russia, according to the study in 2021, there are about 336 thousand patients with type 1 DM, by 2040 the number of patients is expected to increase 2.5-fold. People with type 1 DM have a 4-8 times higher risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) than the rest of the population. The underlying mechanisms of CVD development in type 1 DM are poorly understood. Optimal glycemic control without significant hypoglycemia is mandatory to reduce CVD in patients with type 1 DM. Although hyperglycemia plays an important role, CVD risk remains high even in well-compensated patients with type 1 DM, suggesting that other cardiovascular risk factors may be involved. Further studies are needed to research the factors involved in the premature development of CVD in patients with type 1 DM.

Keywords: type 1 diabetes mellitus, risk, cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, complications.

For citation:

Arabidze G.G. Mamedov M.N., Akhundova Kh.R. Risk of cardiovascular complications in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus: focus on dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia. International Journal of Heart and Vascular Diseases. 2024. 12(44): 40-45. DOI: 10.24412/2311-1623-2024-44-47-53